copyright © 25Hoon English 版權所有
Unit 03 :
Architecture and Buildings
建築與建設
Vocabulary
Let’s learn about different kinds of architecture and buildings!
Part 1
1. apartment /əˈpɑːrt.mənt/
(n.)公寓套房
a set of rooms for living in, especially on one floor of a building
They have six luxury apartments for sale.
他們有六套豪華公寓套房出售。
2. dormitory /ˈdɔːr.mə.tɔːr.i/
(n.)（寄宿學校的）宿舍
a large room containing many beds, for example in a boarding school
3. condominium /ˌkɑːn.dəˈmɪn.i.əm/
(n.)（一套）公寓住房
an apartment in a condominium
4. townhouse /ˈtaʊn.haʊs/
(n.)（相連的）排屋，連棟房屋
a house that is joined to another house
5. cabin /ˈkæb.ɪn/
(n.)小木屋；小棚屋
a small, simple house made of wood
a log cabin
原木小屋
6. mansion /ˈmæn.ʃən/
(n.)大廈；大樓；豪宅
a very large, expensive house
The street is lined with enormous mansions where the rich and famous live.
街道兩旁是富人及名人的大豪宅。
7. duplex /ˈduː.pleks/
(n.)複式房屋，躍層套房，樓中樓
a set of rooms for living in that are on two floors of a building
8. farmhouse /ˈfɑːrm.haʊs/
(n.)農場住宅，農舍
the main house on a farm where the farmer lives
9. chalet /ˈʃæl.eɪ/
(n.)（尤指瑞士用於度假的）山間小木屋
a small wooden house found in mountain areas, especially in Switzerland, or a house built in a similar style, especially one used by people on holiday
10. villa /ˈvɪl.ə/
(n.)別墅；花園住宅
a house, usually in the countryside or near the sea, especially in southern Europe, and often one that people can rent for a holiday
They have a villa in Spain.
他們在西班牙有一棟別墅。
Exercise 1
Describe to your tutor what you see in these pictures.
Part 2
11. construction /kənˈstrʌk.ʃən/
(n.)建築物
a building
What’s that concrete and metal construction over there?
那邊那座混凝土和金屬結構的建築物是甚麽？
12. skyscraper /ˈskaɪˌskreɪ.pɚ/
(n.)摩天大樓
a very tall modern building, usually in a city
13. habitation /ˌhæb.əˈteɪ.ʃən/
(n.)居住
the act of living in a building
unfit for human habitation
（房屋）不適合人居住
14. landscape /ˈlænd.skeɪp/
(v.)給（建築物周邊）做園林美化；對（道路周邊）做景觀美化
to change the appearance of an area of land, especially next to a building or road so that it looks more like natural countryside
15. architect /ˈɑːr.kə.tekt/
(n.)建築師
a person whose job is to design new buildings and make certain that they are built correctly
16. interior design /ɪnˌtɪr.i.ɚ dɪˈzaɪn/
(n.)室內裝潢設計
the art of planning the decoration of the inside of a building such as a house or office
17. aesthetics /esˈθet̬.ɪks/
(n.)美學；（尤指）審美觀，美感
the formal study of art, especially in relation to the idea of beauty
18. magnificent /mæɡˈnɪf.ə.sənt/
(adj.)極好的；壯麗的；令人羨慕的
very good, beautiful, or deserving to be admired
They live in a magnificent Tudor house.
他們住在一座都鐸時代的豪宅內。
19. spectacular /spekˈtæk.jə.lɚ/
(adj.)壯觀的，壯麗的；令人驚歎的
very exciting to look at
There was a spectacular sunset last night.
昨天的日落非常壯觀。
20. feng shui /ˌfʊŋ ˈʃweɪ/
(n.)風水
an ancient Chinese belief that the way your house is built or the way that you arrange objects affects your success, health, and happiness
It’s good feng shui to have a loving animal in your home.
家裡養寵物風水好。
Exercise 2
Match the correct meaning to each vocabulary.
1. skyscraper__ 2. construction__ 3. farmhouse__ 4. townhouse__ 5. habitation__
a) a building
b) a very tall modern building, usually in a city
c) the act of living in a building
d) the main house on a farm where the farmer lives
e) a house that is joined to another house
Part 3
21. blueprint /ˈbluː.prɪnt/
(n.)藍圖
a photographic copy of an early plan for a building or machine
22. horizontal /ˌhɔːr.ɪˈzɑːn.t̬əl/
(adj.)水平的；與地面（或底邊、頂邊）平行的；橫的
parallel to the ground or to the bottom or top edge of something
(adj.)水平線；水平面；水平位置
a horizontal line, surface, or position
Rotate it slowly from the horizontal into a vertical position.
慢慢將它從水平位置旋轉到垂直位置。
23. vertical /ˈvɝː.t̬ə.kəl/
(adj.)豎直的；垂直的；立式的
standing or pointing straight up or at an angle of 90° to a horizontal surface or line
(n.)垂直線；垂直面；豎直位置
a vertical line, surface, or position
In a two-stage operation, the steel structure will be raised to the vertical.
在分成兩個步驟的操作中，鋼結構將被豎成垂直狀態。
24. cement /səˈment/
(n.)水泥
a grey powder that is mixed with water and sand to make mortar or with water, sand, and small stones to make concrete
(v.)（在表面上）塗上水泥，（用水泥）黏合
to put cement on a surface or stick things together using cement
a bag of cement
一袋水泥
25. steel /stiːl/
(n.)鋼
a strong metal that is a mixture of iron and carbon, used for making things that need a strong structure, especially vehicles and buildings
steel girders/rods/struts
鋼樑／條／柱
26. rebar /ˈriː.bɑːr/
(n.)鋼筋
steel in the form of bars or a mesh (= wires that cross over each other), put inside concrete to make it stronger
27. minimalistic /ˌmɪn.ə.məˈlɪs.tɪk/
(n.)極簡主義
using the smallest range of materials and colors possible, and only very simple shapes or forms
28. luxurious /lʌɡˈʒʊr.i.əs/
(adj.)奢侈的，豪華的，奢華的
very comfortable and expensive
They have a very luxurious house.
他們有一座十分豪華的房子。
29. contemporary /kənˈtem.pə.rer.i/
(adj.)當代的；現代的
existing or happening now
30. baroque /bəˈrɑːk/
(adj.)巴羅克式的
relating to the heavily decorated style in buildings, art, and music that was popular in Europe in the 17th century and the early part of the 18th century
baroque architecture/painters
巴羅克風格的建築／畫家
Exercise 3
Discuss the questions with your tutor.
Talk about the last time you visited a famous building or monument. What was it? How did it look?
- Describe your dream house.
