Unit 06 :
Cooking and Seasoning 烹飪與調味

Vocabulary

Let’s learn about different kinds of cooking and seasoning!

Part 1

1. chop /tʃɑːp/
(v.) 剁碎
to cut something into pieces with an axe, knife, or other sharp instrument
(n.)帶骨的肉塊；排骨
a small piece of meat with a bone still in it

Chop the onions and carrots roughly. 
把洋蔥和胡蘿蔔切成大塊。

2. slice /slaɪs/
(v.)把…切成薄片
to cut something into thin, flat pieces
(n.)薄片
a flat, often thin, piece of food that has been cut from a larger piece

3. dice /daɪs/
(v.)把…切成丁
to cut food into small squares
(n.)骰子
a small cube with a different number of spots on each side, used in games involving chance

Peel and dice the potatoes.
把馬鈴薯去皮並切成丁。

4. grate/ɡreɪt/
(v.)磨碎
to rub food against a grater in order to cut it into a lot of small pieces
(n.)（壁爐上的）金屬爐架
a metal structure that holds coal or wood in a fireplace

grated cheese 
磨碎的起司

5. peel /piːl/
(v.)除去（水果、蔬菜的）皮
to remove the skin of fruit and vegetables
(n.)（尤指水果和蔬菜被削掉的）外皮
the skin of fruit and vegetables, especially after it has been removed

6. boil  /bɔɪl/
(v.)在沸水中煮、烹煮
to cook food by putting it in water that is boiling
(n.) 煮；烹煮
the act of washing or cooking something in very hot water

boiled carrots 
煮熟的胡蘿蔔

7. fry /fraɪ/
(v.) 油炸
to cook food in hot oil or fat
(n.)小魚，魚苗
young, small fish

8. simmer /ˈsɪm.ɚ/
(v.) 燉、煨
to cook something liquid, or something with liquid in it, at a temperature slightly below boiling

Leave the vegetables to simmer for a few minutes. 
把蔬菜再燉幾分鐘。

9. roast /roʊst/
(v.)烘；烤；焙
to cook food in an oven or over a fire
(adj.)烘；烤；焙
Roast meat or vegetables have been cooked in an oven or over a fire

Just roast the chicken in the oven and baste it in oil and lemon.  
直接把雞放在烤箱裡烤，烤時塗上油和檸檬汁。

10. bake  /beɪk/
(v.)烘、烤
to cook inside an oven, without using added liquid or fat

 a baked potato 
焗薯

Part 2

11. mix /mɪks/
(v.)（使）混合
to combine, so that the result cannot easily be separated into its parts
(n.)混合
a combination

Mix the eggs into the flour. 
在麵粉裡加入雞蛋混和。

12. marinade /ˌmer.ɪˈneɪd/
(n.)醃漬調料
Pour the marinade over the beef and leave it for 24 hours.

13. beat /biːt/
(v.)（用如調羹或攪拌器等器具）攪打，攪拌
to mix something repeatedly using a utensil such as a spoon or whisk

To make an omelet you first beat the eggs.
要做歐姆蛋，必須先把雞蛋打勻。

14. stir/stɝː/
(v.) 攪拌
to mix a liquid or other substance by moving an object such as a spoon in a circular pattern
(n.) 攪動
the act of stirring a liquid or other substance in order to mix it

She paused to stir some milk into her coffee.
她停了一下，往咖啡裡摻了點牛奶。

15. strain /streɪn/
(v.)過濾（食物）
to separate liquid food from solid food, especially by pouring it through a utensil with small holes in it
(n.) 壓力；張力；作用力
a force or influence that stretches, pulls, or puts pressure on something, sometimes causing damage

16. dress/dres/
(v.)給（沙拉）加調料
to add a liquid, especially a mixture of oil and vinegar, to a salad for extra flavor
(n.)連衣裙
a piece of clothing for women or girls that covers the top half of the body and hangs down over the legs

a dressed salad 
加有調味料的沙拉

17. serve/sɝːv/
(v.)提供（食物或飲料）
to provide food or drinks
(n.)（在網球等體育運動中）發（球）
in sports such as tennis, the act of hitting the ball to the other player to start play

Do they serve meals in the bar? 
這家酒吧提供飯菜嗎？

18. vinegar  /ˈvɪn.ə.ɡɚ/
(n.)醋
a sharp-tasting liquid, made especially from sour wine, malt, or cider, that is used to add flavor to or to preserve food

19. soy sauce /ˌsɔɪ ˈsɑːs/
(n.)醬油
a strong-tasting, dark brown liquid made from fermented soya beans and used especially in Chinese and Japanese cooking

20. olive oil /ˌɑː.lɪv ˈɔɪl/
(n.)橄欖油
a yellow or green oil, made by pressing olives

Part 3

21. mustard /ˈmʌs.tɚd/
(n.)芥末
thick yellow or brown sauce that tastes spicy and is eaten cold in small amounts, especially with meat

22. pepper /ˈpep.ɚ/
(n.)胡椒粉
a grey or white powder produced by crushing dry peppercorns, used to give a spicy, hot taste to food

black pepper 黑胡椒
red pepper 紅胡椒

23. sugar /ˈʃʊɡ.ɚ/
(n.)糖
a sweet substance especially from the plants sugar cane and sugar beet, used to make food and drinks sweet

brown sugar
紅糖

24. ginger /ˈdʒɪn.dʒɚ/
(n.)薑
the spicy root of a tropical plant that is used in cooking or preserved in sugar

ground (= powdered) ginger
薑粉

25. garlic /ˈɡɑːr.lɪk/
(n.)大蒜
a plant of the onion family that has a strong taste and smell and is used in cooking to add flavor

26. vanilla /vəˈnɪl.ə/
(n.)（用於給食物調味的）香草精
a substance made from the seeds of a tropical plant, used to give flavor to sweet foods
(adj.)（產品或服務）普通的
used to describe a product or service that is basic and has no special features

Add two teaspoons of vanilla and stir.
加兩茶匙香草精並攪拌一下。

27. basil /ˈbeɪ.zəl/
(n.)羅勒
a herb with a sweet smell that is used to add flavor in cooking

28. mint /mɪnt/
(n.)薄荷
a herb whose leaves have a strong, fresh smell and taste and are used for giving flavor to food

29. rosemary /ˈroʊz.mer.i/
(n.)迷迭香
a bush whose leaves are used to add flavor in cooking and are used in some perfumes, or the leaves themselves

30. coriander/ˈkɔːr.i.æn.dɚ/
(n.)香菜
a plant whose leaves or seeds are added to food to give a special flavor

31. cinnamon /ˈsɪn.ə.mən/
(n.)肉桂
the bark of a tropical tree, or a brown powder made from this, used as a spice to give a particular taste to food, especially sweet food

Exercise

Describe to your tutor about what you see in this picture.