Unit 06 :
Family Relations 家庭關係類

Vocabulary

Let’s learn about the different vocabulary of family relations.

Part 1

1. spouse  /spaʊs/
(n.) 配偶
a person’s husband or wife

In 60 percent of the households surveyed both spouses went out to work.
在60%的受調查的家庭中，夫妻雙方都外出工作。

2. sibling  /ˈsɪb.lɪŋ/
(n.) 兄；弟；姐；妹
a brother or sister

I have four siblings: three brothers and a sister.
我有四個兄弟姐妹：三個兄弟，一個姐姐。

3. grandparent  /ˈɡræn.per.ənt/
(n.)（外）祖父；（外）祖母
the father or mother of a person’s father or mother

4. grandchild  /ˈɡræn.tʃaɪld/
(n.)孫子（女）；外孫（女）
the child of your son or daughter

5. uncle /ˈʌŋ.kəl/
(n.)舅父；伯父；叔父；姨父；姑父
the brother of someone’s mother or father, or the husband of someone’s aunt or uncle

6. aunt  /ænt/
(n.)姑母；姨母；嬸嬸；伯母；舅母
the sister of someone’s father or mother, or the wife of someone’s uncle or aunt

7. nephew /ˈnef.juː/
(n.)侄子；外甥
a son of your sister or brother, or a son of the sister or brother of your husband or wife

8. niece  /niːs/
(n.)侄女；外甥女
a daughter of your brother or sister, or a daughter of your husband’s or wife’s brother or sister

9. cousin  /ˈkʌz.ən/
(n.)堂（或表）兄弟；堂（或表）姐妹；遠房親戚
a child of a person’s aunt or uncle, or, more generally, a distant relation

Many of our distant cousins, whom we hadn’t seen for years, came to my sister’s wedding.
我們家許多多年未見的遠房親戚趕來參加姐姐的婚禮。

10. stepparent   /ˈstepˌper.ənt/
(n.)繼父；繼母
the man or woman who is married to someone’s mother or father but who is not their real father or mother

Exercise 1

Try to spell it.

  1. n _ _ _ _ w : a son of your sister or brother, or a son of the sister or brother of your husband or wife
  2. s _ _ _ _ e : a person’s husband or wife
  3. g _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ t : the father or mother of a person’s father or mother
  4. s _ _ _ _ _ g : a brother or sister
  5. n _ _ _ e : a daughter of your brother or sister, or a daughter of your husband’s or wife’s brother or sister

Part 2

11.  in-law  /ˈɪn.lɑː/
(n.)姻親
a parent of your husband or wife or a member of his or her family

He’s spending the holiday with his in-laws.
他的假期都在和姻親們一起過。

12. widow  /ˈwɪd.oʊ/
(n.)寡婦，孀婦，遺孀
a woman whose husband or wife has died and who has not married again

13. widower /ˈwɪd.oʊ.ɚ/
(n.)鰥夫
a man whose wife or husband has died and who has not married again

14. fiancé / fiancée /ˌfiː.ɑːnˈseɪ/
(n.)未婚夫/未婚妻
the man/woman who someone is engaged to be married to

15. godmother /ˈɡɑːdˌmʌð.ɚ/
(n.)教母
a female godparent

16. ex   /eks/ 
(n.)前妻；前夫；前女友；前男友
to include someone or something as an important part

Is she still in touch with her ex?
她和她的前夫還保持聯絡嗎？

17. bridegroom  /ˈbraɪd.ɡruːm/
(n.)新郎；即將（或剛）結婚的男子
a man who is about to get married or has just got married

18. bride   /braɪd/
(n.)新娘；即將（或剛）結婚的女子
a woman who is about to get married or has just got married

As the mother of the bride, I feel obliged to wear something really spectacular.
作為新娘的母親，我得穿戴華麗一些。

19. single parent   /ˌsɪŋ.ɡəl ˈper.ənt/
(n.)單親父親；單親母親
someone who has a child or children but no husband, wife, or partner who lives with them

20. kin  /kɪn/
(n.)家屬，親屬，親戚
family and relations

Exercise 2

Match the correct meaning to each vocabulary.

1.widow__ 2. godmother__ 3. kin__ 4. widower__ 5. ex__


a.a man whose wife or husband has died and who has not married again

b.family and relations

c.a woman whose husband or wife has died and who has not married again

d.to include someone or something as an important part

e.a female godpare

Part 3

21. nuclear family /ˌnuː.kliː.ɚ ˈfæm.əl.i/
(n.)（由父母與子女組成的）核心家庭
a family consisting of two parents and their children, but not including aunts, uncles, grandparents, etc.

22. extended family  /ɪkˌsten.dɪd ˈfæm.əl.i/
(n.)（幾代同堂的）大家庭
a family unit that includes grandmothers, grandfathers, aunts, and uncles, etc. in addition to parents and children

23. dinky  /ˈdɪŋ.ki/
(n.)頂客族（雙收入但沒有孩子的夫妻，通常比較富裕，沒有子女負擔，double income no kids yet的縮寫）
a member of a young couple in which both partners earn a lot of money and are able to spend it on themselves because they have no children

This area is too expensive for most people to live in, but it’s particularly popular with dinkies.
這個地區貴得讓大多數人都住不起，但特別受頂客族的歡迎。

24. consanguinity  /ˌkɑːn.sæŋˈɡwɪn.ə.t̬i/
(n.)血緣
the condition of being blood relations (= related to someone by birth, not marriage)

25. lineage  /ˈlɪn.i.ɪdʒ/
(n.)血統；世系
the members of a person’s family who are directly related to that person and who lived a long time before him or her

She’s very proud of her ancient royal lineage.
她為自己擁有古老的皇室血統倍感自豪。

26. bond  /bɑːnd/
(n.)紐帶；聯繫；關係
a close connection joining two or more people

the bond(s) of friendship/love      友誼／戀愛關係

27. rapport  /ræpˈɔːr/
(n.)融洽；和諧；和睦的關係
a good understanding of someone and an ability to communicate well with them

She has an excellent rapport with her staff.
她和手下員工關係十分融洽。

28. adopted  /əˈdɑːp.tɪd/
(adj.)（被）領養的，（被）收養的
An adopted child has been legally taken by another family to be taken care of as their own child.

They’ve got two adopted children and one of their own.
他們有兩個領養的孩子和一個親生的。

29. similarity  /ˌsɪm.əˈler.ə.t̬i/ 
(n.)類似；相似
the fact that people or things look or are the same

I can see the similarity between you and your mother.
我能看出你和你母親的相似之處。

30. tribe  /traɪb/
(n.)家族；集團
a large family or other group that someone belongs to

We invited Carol’s sisters and brothers and their families – the whole Cassidy tribe.
我們邀請了卡羅爾的兄弟姐妹及其配偶、子女——整個凱西迪家族。

Exercise 3

Describe to your tutor what you see in this picture